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《中华人民共和国国境口岸卫生监督办法》
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第一章
总 则
- 第一条 为了加强国境口岸和国际航行交通工具的卫生监督工作，改善国境口岸和交通
工具的卫生面貌，控制和消灭传染源，切断传播途径，防止传染病由国外传入和由国内传出 ，保障人民身体健康，根据《中华人民共和国国境卫生检疫条例》第三条的规定，制定本办
法．
- 第二条 本办法适用于对外开放的港口、机场、车站、关口（下称国境口岸）和停留在
这些处所的国际航行的船舶、飞机和车辆（下称交通工具）．
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第二章
国境口岸的卫生要求
- 第三条 国境口岸应当建立卫生清扫制度，消灭蚊蝇孳生场所，设置污物箱，定期进行
清理，保持环境整洁．
- 第四条 国境口岸的生活垃圾应当日产日清，设置的固定垃圾场，应当定期清除；生活
污水不得任意排放，应当做到无害化处理，以防止污染环境和水源．
- 第五条 对国境口岸的建筑物，有关部门应当采取切实可行的措施，控制病媒昆虫、啮
齿动物，使其数量降低到不足为害的程度．
- 第六条 候船室、候机室、候车室、候检室应当做到地面整洁、墙壁无尘土、窗明几净
、通风良好，并备有必要的卫生设施．
- 第七条 国境口岸的餐厅、食堂、厨房、小卖部应当建立和健
全卫生制度，经常保持 整洁，做到墙壁、天花板、桌椅清洁无尘土．应当有防蚊、防蝇、防鼠和冷藏设备，做到室
内无蚊、无蝇、无鼠、无蟑螂．
- 第八条 国境口岸的厕所和浴室应当有专人管理，及时打扫，
保持整洁，做到无蝇、 无臭味．
- 第九条 国境口岸的仓库、货场应当保持清洁、整齐；发现鼠类有反常死亡时，应当及
时向卫生检疫机关或地方卫生防疫部门报告．
- 第十条 做好国境口岸水源保护，在水源周围直径三十米内，
不得修建厕所、渗井等 污染水源设施．
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第三章
交通工具的卫生要求
- 第十一条 交通工具上必须备有急救药物、急救设备及消毒、
杀虫、灭鼠药物．必要 时，船舶上还需安排临时隔离室．
- 第十二条 交通工具上的病媒昆虫和啮齿动物的防除：
- （一）船舶、飞机、列车上，应当备有足够数量有效的防鼠装置；保持无鼠或鼠类数量保持不足为害的程度．
- （二）应当保持无蚊、无蝇、无其他有害昆虫，一旦发现应当采取杀灭措施．
- 第十三条 交通工具上的厕所、浴室必须保持整洁，无臭味．
- 第十四条 交通工具上的粪便、垃圾、污水处理的卫生要求：
- （一）生活垃圾应当集中放在带盖的容器内，禁止向港区、机场、站区随意倾倒，应当
由污物专用车（船）集中送往指定地点进行无害化处理．必要时，粪便、污水须经过卫生处 理后方能排放；
- （二）来自鼠疫疫区交通工具上的固体垃圾必须进行焚化处理，来自霍乱疫区交通工具
上的粪便，压舱水、污水，必要时实施消毒．
- 第十五条 交通工具的货舱、行李车、邮政车和货车的卫生要求：
- （一）货舱、行李车、邮政车、货车应当消灭蚊、蝇、鼠、蟑螂等病媒昆虫和有害动物
及其孳生条件；在装货前或卸货后应当进行彻底清扫，做到无粪便、垃圾．
- （二）凡装载有毒物品和食品的货车，应当分开按指定地点存放，防止污染，货物卸空
后应当进行彻底洗刷；
- （三）来自疫区的行李、货物，要严格检查，防止带有病媒昆虫和啮齿动物．
- 第十六条 交通工具上的客舱、宿舱、客车的卫生要求：
- （一）客舱、宿舱和客车应当随时擦洗，保持无垃圾尘土，通风良好；
- （二）卧具每次使用后必须更换．卧具上不得有虱子、跳蚤、臭虫等病媒昆虫．
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第四章
食品、饮用水及从业人员的卫生要求
- 第十七条 供应国境口岸和交通工具上的食品必须符合《中华人民共和国食品卫生管理
条例》（注解：该条例已被一九八二年十一月十九日五届人大常委会通过的《中华人民共和 国食品卫生法（试行）》明令废止，现按食品卫生法的有关规定执行．）的规定和食品卫生
标准．
- 第十八条 凡供应国境口岸和交通工具上的饮用水必须符合我国规定的“生活饮用水卫
生标准”．供应饮用水的运输工具、储存容器及输水管道等设备都应当经常冲洗干净，保持 清洁．
- 第十九条 供应食品、饮用水的从业人员的卫生要求：
- （一）患有肠道传染病的患者或带菌者，以及活动性结核病、化浓性渗出性皮肤病患者，不得从事食品和饮用水供应工作；
- （二）从事食品、饮用水供应工作的人员，应当每年进行一次健康检查，新参加工作的
人员，应当首先进行健康检查，经检查合格者，发给健康证；
- （三）从事食品、饮用水供应工作的人员，要养成良好卫生习惯，工作时要着装整洁，
严格遵守卫生操作制度．
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第五章
国境口岸和交通工具的负责人的责任
- 第二十条 国境口岸和交通工具负责人在卫生工作方面的责任是：
- （一）应当经常抓好卫生工作，接受卫生监督人员的监督和检查，并为其开展工作提供
方便条件；
- （二）应当模范地遵守本办法和其它卫生法令、条例和规定．
- （三）应当按照卫生监督人员的建议，对国境口岸和交通工具的不卫生状况，及时采取
措施，加以改进；
- （四）在发现检疫传染病和监测传染病时，应当向国境卫生检疫机关或地方防疫部门报告，并立即采取防疫措施．
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第六章
卫生监督机关的职责
- 第二十一条 国境口岸卫生检疫机关在当地人民政府的领导下，对国境口岸和交通工具
进行卫生监督，其主要职责是：
- （一）监督和指导国境口岸有关部门和交通工具的负责人对病媒昆虫、啮齿动物进行防
除；
- （二）对停留在国境口岸出入国境的交通工具上的食品、饮用水实施检验，并对运输、
供应、贮存设施等系统进行卫生监督；
- （三）对国境口岸和交通工具上的所有非因意外伤害致死的尸体，实施检查、监督和卫
生处理；
- （四）监督国境口岸有关部门和交通工具的负责人对粪便、垃圾、污水进行清除和无害
化处理；
- （五）对与检疫传染病，监测传染病有流行病学意义的环境因素实施卫生监督；
- （六）监督国境口岸周围内采取防蚊措施的执行．
- （七）开展卫生宣传教育，普及卫生知识，提高国境口岸和交通工具上的人员遵守和执
行本办法的自觉性．
- 第二十二条 国境口岸卫生检疫机关设国境口岸卫生监督员一至五名，执行卫生监督任
务，由思想品质好，工作认真负责的国境口岸卫生检疫机关领导干部、检疫医师以上的业务 人员兼任．国境口岸卫生监督员，经卫生检疫机关推荐，省、自治区、直辖市卫生行政主管
部门审核，由中华人民共和国卫生部委任，并发给《国境口岸卫生监督员证件》（式样附后 ）．
- 第二十三条 国境口岸卫生监督员持其证件，有权对国境口岸和交通工具的负责人，进
行卫生监督、检查和技术指导；配合有关部门，对卫生工作情况不良或引起传染病传播的单 位或个人，提出改进意见，协同有关部门采取必要措施，进行处理．
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第七章
奖励和惩罚
- 第二十四条 国境口岸卫生检疫机关，对贯彻执行本办法和国家有关卫生法令、条例、
规定，做出显著成绩的单位和个人，应当给予表扬和奖励．
- 第二十五条 国境口岸卫生检疫机关，对违犯本办法和有关卫生法令、条例、规定的单
位和个人，应当根据不同情况，给予警告、罚款，直至提请司法机关依法惩处．
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第八章
附 则
- 第二十六条 本办法自发布之日起施行．
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附： 国境口岸卫生监督员证件式样
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中华人民共和国
｜ 此证根据中华人民共和
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国境口岸卫生监督员证
｜ 国国务院文件
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（国徽）
｜ 国发（１９８１）号
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中华人民共和国卫生部制发
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说 明
- 一、证件长为１２０ｍｍ，宽为８５ｍｍ，用红色软皮塑料制成，正
面印有国徽图案，字体为金色印体字．
- 二、内页用卡片纸印成格式套在塑料皮内．
- １、内第一页空白插入塑料皮内；
- ２、内第二页填写发证根据；
- ３、内第三页填写监督员自然情况；
- ４、内第四页填写监督员权力和职责；
- ５、内第五页空白填写［附记］二字；
- ６、内第六页空白插入塑料皮后面．
- MEASURES CONCERNING
SUPERVISION OF SANITATION AT BORDER PORTS OFTHE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
- Important Notice: (注意事项)
- 英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译,
中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民 共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
- 当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
- This English document
is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS
OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING
FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7) which
is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs
of the State Council of the People's Republic
of China, and is published by the China Legal
System Publishing House.
- In case of discrepancy,
the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
-
Whole
Document (法规全文)
- MEASURES CONCERNING
SUPERVISION OF SANITATION AT BORDER PORTS OF
THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA (Approved by
the State Council on December 30, 1981 and promul-
gated by the Ministry of Public Health, Ministry
of Communications, General Administration of
Civil Aviation of China and the Ministry of
Railways on February 4, 1982) Chapter I General
Provisions
- Article 1
- These Measures are formulated,
as required by Article 3 of the Frontier Health
and Quarantine Regulations of the People's Republic
of China [*1], to strengthen the supervision
of sanitation at border ports and aboard international
means of transport, to improve their sanitary
conditions and to block up and extinguish sources
of infection, cut off channels of spreading,
prevent infectious diseases from spreading into
or out of the country and protect the health
of the people.
- Article 2
- These measures shall
apply to sea ports, airports, railway stations
and passes open to the outside world (hereinafter
generally referred to as "border ports")
and to international vessels, aircraft and vehicles
(hereinafter referred to as "means of transport")
staying in these places. Chapter II Sanitation
Requirements at Border Ports
- Article 3
- A cleaning system shall
be established in border ports to eliminate
the breeding grounds of flies and mosquitos,
install litter bins and their regular cleaning
so as to keep the environment clean and tidy.
- Article 4
- Domestic refuse in border
ports shall be removed every day and fixed refuse
dumps provided for that purpose shall be regularly
cleared; domestic sewage shall not be drained
off indiscriminately and shall go through disinfecting
treatment so as to prevent the environment and
water sources from contamination.
- Article 5
- The departments concerned
shall adopt feasible measures to reduce the
numbers of insect vectors and rodents to a harmless
level in the buildings of border ports.
- Article 6
- All floors of waiting
rooms in piers, airports, stations and customs
houses shall be kept neat and clean, their walls
dust-free and their windows and tables bright
and clean. They shall be well ventilated and
equipped with necessary sanitation facilities.
- Article 7
- A perfect sanitation
system shall be established in restaurants,
cafes, canteens, dining rooms, kitchens, buffets
and small shops in border ports so as to regularly
keep them clean and tidy and make their walls,
ceilings, tables and chairs clean and dustfree.
The places shall be provided with refrigeration
equipment and equipment against mosquitos, flies,
mice and cockroaches and no such pests and rodents
shall be found inside these buildings.
- Article 8
- Attendants shall be
put in charge of the toilets and bathrooms in
border ports, cleaning them regularly and keeping
them clean and tidy so as to rid them of flies
and nasty odours.
- Article 9
- The warehouses, godowns
and goods yards in border ports shall be kept
clean and tidy. When abnormal death of mice
or rats is found, immediate reports shall be
given to health quarantine authorities or local
public health and epidemic prevention departments.
- Article 10
- The water sources for
border ports shall be well protected and toilets,
seepage wells, etc. which will pollute the water
sources shall not be built within a distance
of 30 meters in diameter from a water source.
Chapter III Sanitation Requirements for Means
of Transport
- Article 11
- Means of transport shall
be equipped with first-aid medicines and equipment
as well as disinfectants, insecticides and rodenticides.
If necessary, provisional quarantine rooms shall
be arranged aboard ships.
- Article 12
- Provisions concerning
the prevention and elimination of insect vectors
and rodents from means of transport:
- (1) ships, aircraft
and trains shall be provided with adequate preventive
measures against rodents so as to eliminate
them or to reduce their numbers to a harmless
level;
- (2) these means of transport
shall be kept free from mosquitos, flies or
other harmful insects, which shall be eliminated
upon discovery.
- Article 13
- The toilets and bathrooms
on means of transport shall be kept clean, tidy
and free from npleasant odours.
- Article 14
- The sanitation requirements
for the disposal of excrement, urine, refuse
and sewage on means of transport are as follows:
(1) daily refuse shall be put in containers
with covers, prohibited from being dumped indiscriminately
into port areas, airports or station areas and
must be removed by means of special refuse vehicles
(or vessels) to designated places for treatment.
If necessary, excrement, urine and sewage shall
go through sanitary treatment before being disposed
of;
- (2) the refuse in solid
form on board means of transport from epidemic
areas of plague shall be disposed of by incineration,
while the excrement, urine, ballast water and
sewage on board means of transport from the
epidemic areas of cholera shall be sterilized
if necessary.
- Article 15
- The sanitation requirements
for cargo holds, luggage cars, postal cars and
freight cars of means of transport as well as
trucks are as follows:
- (1) such insect vectors
and harmful animals as mosquitos, flies, cockroaches
and mice and conditions favourable for their
breeding shall be eliminated from cargo holds,
luggage cars, postal cars, freight cars and
trucks which shall be thoroughly cleaned before
goods are being loaded or unloaded so as to
be free of excrement, urine and refuse;
- (2) the freight cars
or trucks carrying poisonous substances and
food shall be placed separately in different
designated places so as to avoid contamination
and shall be thoroughly cleaned after goods
are completely unloaded;
- (3) the luggage and
goods from epidemic areas shall be carefully
examined so that no insect vectors and rodents
shall subsist therein.
- Article 16
- The sanitation requirements
for passenger cabins, lodging cabins and passenger
cars of means of transport as well as passenger
vehicles are as follows:
- (1) passenger cabins,
lodging cabins, passenger cars and other passenger
vehicles shall be leaned whenever necessary,
kept free of refuse and dust and well ventilated;
- (2) beddings shall be
replaced and washed after use each time and
be free of lice, fleas, bedbugs or other insect
vectors. Chapter IV Sanitation Requirements
for Food, Drin king Water and rsonnel Engaged
in These Trades
- Article 17
- The food supplied to
border ports and on means of transport shall
conform to the provisions in the Regulations
of People's Republic of China on Food Hygienic
Control [*2] and food hygienic standards.
- Article 18
- The drinking water supplied
to border ports and on means of transport shall
conform to Hygienic Standards of Drinking Water
stipulated by the state. The vehicles used in
transporting drinking water as well as storage
containers and water pipelines shall be cleaned
regularly and kept lean.
- Article 19
- The health requirements
for personnel engaged in supplying food and
drinking water as follows:
- (1) the patients or
carriers of infectious intestinal diseases or
sufferers from active tuberculosis or suppurative
exudative dermatosis shall not be engaged in
supplying food and drinking water;
- (2) all personnel engaged
in the supply of food and drinking water shall
go through a medical check-up every year. Those
newly engaged in this work shall first have
a medical check-up and those proved up to the
standard shall be granted health certificates;
- (3) the personnel engaged
in the supply of food and drinking water shall
cultivate good hygienic habits, dress neatly
and cleanly at work and strictly abide by the
hygienic operation system. Chapter V The Duties
of Persons in Charge of Border Ports and Means
of Transport
- Article 20
- The duties of the officers
in charge of border ports and means of transport
pertaining to sanitation and hygiene are as
follows:
- (1) to do a good job
in keeping up to the sanitation and hygiene
standards, and be always ready for the supervision
and inspection by the sanitary supervision personnel
and provide them with facilities for their work;
- (2) to play an exemplary
role in abiding by these Measures and other
sanitation decrees, regulations and provisions;
- (3) to promptly adopt
remedial measures to change the unsanitary conditions
of border ports and the means of transport in
accordance with the advice of the sanitation
supervisors;
- (4) to report to the
border health quarantine authorities or local
epidemic prevention department and immediately
adopt epidemic prevention measures when a quarantine
infectious disease or a monitored one is found.
Chapter VI The Responsibilities of Sanitation
Supervision Authori- ties
- Article 21
- The health quarantine
authorities in border ports shall exercise sanitation
supervision over border ports and means of transport
under the leadership of local people's governments.
Their major responsibilities are:
- (1) to supervise and
direct the officers in charge of the departments
concerned in border ports and on means of transport
in the prevention and elimination of insect
vectors and rodents;
- (2) to examine the food
and drinking water on board means of transport
parked in border ports and ready to cross border
in both directions and exercise sanitation supervision
over systems of transport, supply and storage
facilities;
- (3) to carry out examination,
supervision and hygienic treatment of persons
who have died from causes other than accidents
in border ports and on board means of transport;
- (4) to supervise the
officers in charge of the departments concerned
in border ports and means of transport in the
removal and treatment of excrement, urine, refuse
and sewage;
- (5) to exercise sanitation
supervision over environmental factors which
are of epidemiological significance to quarantine
and monitored infectious diseases;
- (6) to monitor the implementation
of the measures to prevent mosquitoes from breeding
in the vicinity of border ports; and
- (7) to conduct hygiene
publicity and education, spread hygiene knowledge
among people and heighten the consciousness
of the personnel in border ports and on means
of transport to abide by and implement these
Measures.
- Article 22
- A border port health
quarantine organ shall be provided with 1 to
5 border port sanitation supervisors to carry
out the tasks of sanitation supervision and
such ports shall be concurrently held by the
leading cadres and professional personnel above
the rank of quarantine doctor of the border
port health quarantine organ, who are of commendable
personality and great conscientiousness in work.
Border port sanitation supervisors shall be
recommended by health quarantine authorities,
screened by the public health administration
authorities of the provinces, municipalities
directly under the Central Government and autonomous
regions, and appointed by the Ministry of Public
Health of the People's Republic of China and
granted Certificates of Border Port Sanitation
Supervisors.
- Article 23
-
On the
strength of their certificates, border port
sanitation supervisors shall have the right
to exercise sanitation supervision, inspection
and technical guidance over the officers in
charge of border ports and means of transport;
they may in conjunction with departments concerned,
put forward proposals for improvement to the
units or individuals concerned whose sanitation
work is dissatisfactory and has resulted in
the spread of infectious disease and take
necessary measures to deal with them in conjunction
with the departments concerned. Chapter VII
Rewards and Punishments
- Article 24
- Border port quarantine
authorities shall commend and reward units and
individuals that have made remarkable achievements
in the implementation of these Measures and
the state decrees, egulations and provisions
relating to public health.
- Article 25
- Border port health quarantine
authorities shall, on the merit of each case,
warn or fine the units and individuals that
have contravened these Measures and the decrees,
regulations and provisions relating to public
health and may submit the cases to the judicial
organs for punishment according to law. Chapter
VIII Supplementary Provision
- Article 26
- These Measures shall
go into effect as of the date of promulgation.
Notes: [*1] The said Regulations were nullified
by Frontier Health and Quarantine Law of the
People's Republic of China adopted by the Standing
Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress
on December 2, 1986, the Measures shall be effective.
[*2] The said Regulations were nullified by
Food Hygiene Law of the People's Republic of
China (For Trial Implementation) adopted by
the Standing Committee of the Fifth National
People's Congress on November 19, 1982 and the
Law shall apply instead - The Editor.
- 颁布 单 位: 卫生部、交通部、中国民航管理局、铁道部
- 颁布 日 期: 19820204
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